The Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Springer, has published the research paper 'Transdermal Delivery of Ibuprofen Utilizing a Novel Solvent-Free Pressure-sensitive Adhesive (PSA): TEPI^® Technology', authored by Medherant staff members Emma L. Tombs, Vasiliki Nikolaou, Gabit Nurumbetov, David M. Haddleton. Below is a summary of the paper; the full article can be viewed here.

Purpose
The main objective of this present study was the investigation of potential novel transdermal patch technology (TEPI^®) delivering ibuprofen as the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) using a novel poly(ether-urethane)-silicone crosslinked pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) as the drug reservoir in a solvent-free manufacturing process.

Methods
The patch was synthesized utilizing the hot-melt crosslinking technique without the addition of solvents at 80 °C in 100% relative humidity. Dissolution and permeation studies performed utilizing diffusion cells and subsequently HPLC validated methods were employed to determine the API content in the acceptor solution. Accelerated stability studies were also performed at 40 °C and 70% relative humidity. The adhesive performance of the fabricated patch was evaluated utilizing loop tack adhesion tests.

Results
In vitro permeation experiments across both Strat-M^® and human skin demonstrated that ibuprofen can easily be released from the adhesive matrix and penetrate through the studied membrane. A comparison on the permeation rates of the API across the two membranes indicated that there is not a strong correlation between the obtained data. The presence of chemical enhancers facilitated an increased flux of the API higher than observed in the basic formulation. Initial stability studies of the optimized formulation showed no degradation with respect to the drug content. Adhesion studies were also performed indicating higher values when compared with commercially available products.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated the fabrication of an ibuprofen patch utilizing a versatile, solvent-free drug delivery platform. Upon optimization of the final system, the resulting patch offers many advantages compared to commercially available formulations including high drug loading (up to 25 wt%), good adhesion, and painless removal leaving no residues on the skin. This PSA offers many advantages over existing adhesive technology.

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)